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Limburg 1940-1945,
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1940-1945. The resistance in the dutch province of Limburg

Aid to Jews

Effective help for the Jews was late in coming, also in the province of Limburg. A strong signal came from the February Strike on February 25 and 26, 1941, which began in Amsterdam and spread to the Zaan region, Haarlem, Velsen, Weesp, Hilversum and the city of Utrecht. It was the first large-scale resistance action against the German occupiers in the Netherlands. The strike was the only large-scale and open protest against the persecution of Jews in occupied Europe. Wikipedia NL[1]
The Nazis had now to realize that the majority of the Dutch population did not intend to support their ideology. [2]
So they dropped their initially “friendly” mask. The brutal suppression of this strike spread great fear, and it took until 1943 for effective resistance to the persecution of the Jews to emerge. This can also be seen from the death dates of victims of the resistance who helped Jews, among others. By this time, however, many had already been deported, allegedly to work in the East.
The following list of people who helped Jews in our province is of course not complete, not even with regard to the resistance fighters who died. Together they ensured that immediately after the liberation there were more Jews living in Limburg than at the beginning of the war.
Of the 140,000 Jews who lived in the Netherlands before the war, only 34,000 survived the war. Of those Jews, as mentioned, 2,500 to 3,500 fled via Limburg End page 449 End or went into hiding in Limburg. Thus, in the final years of occupation, the province housed considerably more Jews than lived there before the war. Camm. p.449 [3]
The group NV deserves special mention. Normally that is the abbreviation for Naamloze Gezelschap, and that was no coincidence. They were indeed an anonymous company, which was extremely effective in bringing Jewish children to Limburg. Not a single child from this group fell into German hands. Three of the Limburg NV people, unfortunately, did.
There were also some cases of people enriching themselves with Jewish refugees and then sometimes even delivering them to the SiPo for a reward. Camm. p.443 ff. [3]
The aid organizations did everything they could to prevent such things.
The State of Israel has erected a monument to these people, the well-known Yad Vashem, and one is also awarded there to “Righteous Among the Nations” who saved the lives of one or more Jews during the Nazi era. At least that is the intention. The family of the resistance fighter Jean Caubo can tell, that this does not always succeed. In his case, it was said, that it was not proven, that Jean knew whether they were Jews or, for example, Allies, who they brought through Paris. His sons, who also participated in this, knew better: men who traveled alone, were Allies, families were Jews. [4][5]

  1. Wikipedia • FebruaristakingFebruarstreikFebruary strikeGrève de février 1941Português
  2. Wolfgang Benz &a (Hrsg.), Enzyklopädie des Nationalsozialismus. München 1997, ISBN 3-423-33007-4, p.459.
  3. Dr. F. Cammaert, Het Verborgen Front – Geschiedenis van de georganiseerde illegaliteit in de provincie Limburg tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Doctorale scriptie 1994, Groningen
    5. Hulpverlening aan joden
  4. caubo.com/ Yad Vashem
  5. Website Yad Vashem.

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The fallen resistance people in Limburg

Aid to Jews – 48 pers.

Assen, van
Derk
∗ 1891-10-09
Hasselt (O)
† 1943-09-13
Horst (L)
- Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Maastricht -

He was a bailiff at the direct taxes, belonged to LO-Maastricht, married to Berendje Grolleman. [1]
They were active in the distribution of underground papers such as Vrij Nederland …

wall: left, row 29-02
Assen-Grolleman, van
Berendina
Berendje
∗ 1894-03-29
Hasselt (Ov)
† 1945-02-18
Ravensbrück
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Women in the resistance - Maastricht -

Almost from the beginning of the German occupation in 1940, Berendje Grolleman (Berendina van Assen-Grolleman) and her husband
wall: left, row 29-03
Beckhoven, van
Gerardus
Pater Beatus
∗ 1899-09-21
Amsterdam
† 1945-03-20
Bergen-Belsen
- Initial resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - The clergy - People in hiding - Heerlen -

Gerard van Beckhoven or Father Beatus van Beckhoven OFM was kapelaan (vicar) in Heerlen at the rectorate church of St. Francis on the Laanderstraat in Heerlen [1] and there he became a …
More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: left, row 15-02
Berckel, van
Karel C.
∗ 1892-08-19
Delft
† 1944-09-05
Kamp Vught
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Heerlen -

Detailed information about the surgeon Karel van Berckel [1.1] can be found on the website of the National Memorial Camp Vught [1.2], where he was murdered. The following is an excerpt …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: left, row 15-03
Berkhout,
Jacobus Hermanus
Jacob
∗ 1904-08-12
Culemborg
† 1945-08-31
Malchow
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Aid to Jews - Forced Labor - Heythuysen -

Jacob Berkhout, an electrical engineer, had taken in a Jewish Ms. Prijs and her two children at his home. Someone who knew about it betrayed this in order to get an arrested friend released. …

wall: left, row 22-05
Bode, de
Nelly Adriana Jeannette
Nelly
∗ 1905-09-07
Heer
† 1944-01-16
Vught
- Unorganized resistance - Aid to Jews - Heer - Women in the resistance -

Nelly de Bode was born in Heer (today municipality of Maastricht). She lived in Rotterdam and worked at the G.A.B. (municipal employment office). She helped people in hiding. This came to …


This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.-
Caubo,
Jean-Michel
Jean
∗ 1891-04-28
Maastricht
† 1945-02-13
Natzweiler, Außenkommando Daut
- Initial resistance - Aid to Jews - - -

Jean was registered at the civil registry as Johannes Michael and grew up in Schin-op-Geul. He was employed by the French railway company Wagons Lits and he was, with the help of his entire family, …


This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.01-02
Collas,
Laurent
Laur
∗ 1917-07-19
Maastricht
† 1943-10-06
Maastricht
- Unorganized resistance - Aid to Jews - Maastricht -

Laur Collas was a glassblower and worked as a frontier worker in Aachen. On his own initiative, he regularly took escaped forced laborers and

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.04-08
Cornips,
Constant Jozef Ernest
Constant
∗ 1895-09-19
Berg en Terblijt,
† 1944-09-05
Kamp Vught
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Berg en Terblijt - Heerlen -

“More complicated need of clothing used to be regulated by the director of the municipal social welfare office, Mr Cornips, with me. He was very competent for this due to his function. It …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: left, row 17-01
Creusen,
Jan Willem
Wiel "oom Kees"
∗ 1893-07-31
Kerkrade
† 1945-05-31
Bergen-Belsen
- Raad van Verzet (RVV) - Couriers of the Resistance - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Kerkrade -

According to Cammaert [1], Wiel Creusen was a civil servant at the Distribution Office [2] and former chairman of the local Unie. [3]
He was also involved in helping, among …

wall: left, row 26-01
Dahmen,
Adrianus Johannes
Jan
∗ 1907-01-17
Hoch-Emmerich
† 1944-08-19
Vught
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Roermond -

Jan Dahmen was born in Germany to Dutch parents. [2]
He was was a merchant of electrical goods. He and his wife Lisa Ottenheym, who came from Germany, gave shelter to Allied airmen and …

wall: right, row 04-05
Debije,
Maria Josepha Hubertina Anna
Anna
∗ 1903-02-05
Schaesberg
† 1968-02-19
Arnhem
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Women in the resistance - Survivors - Heer -

Anna Debije is the widow of Giel Duijkers. The couple did, as often happened, their resistance work together. But as always in such cases: Giel was …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Duijkers,
Guillaume
Giel
∗ 1896-12-07
Meerssen
† 1945-02-23
KZ Sachsenhausen, Oranienburg
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Local contacts - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Heer -

Giel Duijkers was a district official at PLEM (Provinciale Limburgse Electriciteits­maatschappij, Electricity Supply Company) [1#2]. He was married, was duikhoofd (diver’s chief,  …

wall: left, row 14-02
Evers,
Johannes Hendrikus
Jan
∗ 1917-05-03
Oosterhout (Valburg)
† 1944-07-21
Leusderheide
- Initial resistance - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Nijmegen - Limburg + -

Jan Evers ran a car repair shop, was married and father of one child. They lived in Nijmegen.
He began typing and distributing illegal newspapers, including Vrij Nederland, in 1941 …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Flachs,
Käthe
∗ 0000-00-00
† 0000-00-00
- Unorganized resistance - Aid to Jews - Valkenburg - Survivors - Women in the resistance -

Rescued the children Moos and Herman of her Jewish friend
Fleischeuer,
Adèle Jan Gerard
Ger
∗ 1889-02-25
Oirsbeek
† 1945-03-29
KZ Allach, Dachau
- Initial resistance - Netwerk Bongaerts - Aid to Jews - Oirsbeek -

At the request of Rector Voesten from Heerlen, the municipal secretary A.J.G. Fleischeuer from Oirsbeek helped Jews. Voesten probably belonged to both the group around
wall: right, row 02-05
Goossens,
Emile Antoon Felix
Emile
∗ 1903-01-21
Venlo
† 1945-03-00
Bergen-Belsen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Echt - The clergy - Aid to Jews - People in hiding -

Emile Goossens was a vicar in Echt 1936-1945. For French-speaking prisoners of war who escaped from Germany, downed allied pilots, Jewish …
wall: left, row 07-01
Gronden, van der
Abraham Cornelis
∗ 1897-06-24
Dordrecht
† 1967-11-12
Heerlen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Valkenburg - Survivors -

Abraham Cornelis van der Gronden came as a baby on November 6, 1897 from Dordrecht to Vlissingen, the birthplace of his mother, see civil registry card Vlissingen  [1]. On 29 May 1906 to …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
Gronden, van der
Gerrit Jan
Gerrit
∗ 1895-12-13
Dordrecht
† 1943-01-02
Neuengamme
- Underground Press - Communists & Sympathizers - Aid to Jews - Initial resistance - Maastricht - Valkenburg -

On November 6, 1897, at the age of almost two years, he moved with his parents and siblings from Dordrecht to Vlissingen, his mother’s birthplace, see civil registry card Vlissingen [1]. On …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: right, row 26-03
Hendrikx,
Johannes Jacobus
Jan “Ambrosius”
∗ 1917-02-02
Venlo
† 1945-05-03
Oranienburg, KZ Sachsenhausen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - People in hiding - Aid to Jews - Venlo - -

Jan Hendrikx studied in Nijmegen and was involved in student resistance there before returning to Venlo and becoming a teacher. [1], p. 576
In 1940, J.J. Hendrikx …
wall: right, row 28-04
Heuschen,
Harry
∗ 1922-06-21
Vaals
† 1945-04-26
Bad Dürrheim Kr. Villingen
- Forced Labor - Dutch Soldiers - Aid to Jews - Vaals -

Hendrik Eduard Joseph Marie Heuschen was a trade correspondent. From his short biographynbsp;[1]: Among other things, he helped among others Jewish people in hiding. Arrested on …
wall: right, row 26-01
Holty,
Bernhard
∗ 1890-11-29
Amsterdam
† 1942-01-10
Neuengamme
- Underground Press - Communists & Sympathizers - Aid to Jews - Maastricht -

The father of Bernard Theodoor Adolf Holty was German. In the Netherlands his name was often spelled as Holtij. After the death of his parents, Bernard moved in with his brother Franz and lived …

wall: left, row 33-01
Hoogendijk,
Herman Charles Joseph
Herman
∗ 1897-01-24
Den Haag
† 1945-04-10
Buchenwald
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - The clergy - Aid to Jews - Roermond -

From 1935 Herman Hoogendijk was a Dutch Reformed [1] pastor in Roermond. Married, 4 children. Member of LO-Roermond, also representative of the NSF [2.1] (Nationaal Steunfonds = …
wall: right, row 06-04
Houben,
Hubertus Petrus Hermanus
Huub „Sjeng“
∗ 1915-07-09
Eys, gem. Wittem
† 1945-05-19
Ludwigslust
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - The clergy - Aid to Jews - Wittem -

Huub Houben was a vicar in Epen and local head of the Catholic Action. [1]
Because he knew many people, he was an important link in smuggling people across the near dutch-belgian border. …

wall: right, row 38-05
Janssens,
Petrus Antonius Josephus
Pierre
∗ 1884-03-26
Roermond
† 1945-01-06
KZ Sachsenhausen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Roermond -

Pierre Janssens was a house painter. [1#2]
He was recruited by Father Ludo Bleys. [2]
Pierre frequently employed Jewish people in …
wall: right, row 07-03
Jong, de
Hendrik Roelof
Henk
∗ 1911-10-20
Wijmbretseradeel
† 1945-02-12
Haarlem
- Underground Press - Local contacts - Aid to Jews - - NV - The clergy - People in hiding - Venlo -

In 1940, Hendrik Roelof de Jong was appointed pastor of the Reformed Church in Venlo. He was co-editor of the illegal newspaper Trouw and a collaborator of the Nationaal Steun Fonds (National …
wall: right, row 28-05
Kleine Zusters van de Hl. Joseph,

∗ 
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - The clergy - Women in the resistance - Heerlen - Survivors -

The St. Joseph Hospital on the Putgraaf [1] in Heerlen during the occupation was firmly in the hands of the resistance and in particular the aid organization for people in hiding LO. This was …

Krans,
Kornelis
Kees
∗ 1887-03-30
Hoogezand
† 1944-03-02
Helmond
- Initial resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Forced Labor - Helden - -

Kees Krans and his wife bought in 1938 the Bovensbos farm in Helden. [1]
At the beginning of the war, they housed a Jewish family in an underground hiding place just a stone’s throw …

wall: left, row 20-05
Linders,
Johannes Antonius
Pater Sebaldus
∗ 1907-06-15
Mook
† 1944-08-11
Kamp Vught
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - The clergy - Aid to Jews - People in hiding - Limburg + -

Jan Linders was born in Mook, entered the Franciscan order under the name Sebaldus and was ordained priest in 1933. During the war he lived in the monastery in Alverna [1] (Wijchen) and was …


This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Lokerman,
Josephus Stephanus Hendricus
Jo “Thijs”
∗ 1901-02-05
Rotterdam
† 1945-02-11
Neuengamme
- Initial resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Underground Press - Maastricht - -

Jo Lokerman was train driver with the Dutch Railways [1] and the district leader of the LO in Maastricht. Unusual in the south of the Netherlands at that time: this district leader was not only …

wall: left, row 32-05
Loogman,
Jan
∗ 1922-03-12
Venray
† 1944-01-28
AEL Großbeeren, Kr. Teltow
- Studenten - Aid to Jews - Forced Labor - Venray -

The father of Johannes Adrianus Loogman was one of the 460 Dutch personalities held hostage by the Germans in Sint Michielsgestel at the beginning of the occupation. Jan went to study in Amsterdam …

wall: right, row 31-04
Megen, van
Joseph Hubertus
Sef
∗ 1916-12-09
Venray-Leunen
† 1945-04-05
Dohnsen, D
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Underground Press - Aid to Jews - Netwerk Bongaerts - Broekhuizen -

Sef van Megen became a teacher in Grashoek near Helden in 1935 and then in Broekhuizen from 1937. He was beloved by the children. From 1941 he helped prisoners of war, Allied pilots and Jews to …

wall: left, row 05-01
Meiler,
Max
Piet van Kempen, oom Willem
∗ 1893-06-12
Nijmegen
† 1945-03-12
Neuengamme
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Jews in resistance - Aid to Jews - Venlo -

Max Meiler was a trained electrical technician, but a merchant by profession. He was a contact man in Venlo for the district leader Ambrosius …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.03-08
Musch,
Jaap
∗ 1913-03-08
Amsterdam
† 1944-09-07
Ommen
- People in hiding - NV - Aid to Jews - Heerlen - Brunssum -

Jaap and Gerard Musch did their resistance work on the basis of their Christian beliefs. Jaap moved from Amsterdam to Heerlen on September 9, 1942 in connection with his resistance …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.04-22
Peeters,
Peter Antonius Joseph
Toon
∗ 1916-06-20
Broekhuizenvorst
† 1947-06-24
Venlo
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Netwerk Bongaerts - Aid to Jews - Intelligence - Broekhuizen -

Toon Peeters, popularly known as blacksmith Toontje, was a blacksmith and bicycle dealer. [1]
Cammaert writes about him:
In Broekhuizen and Broekhuizenvorst the …
wall: left, row 04-05
Peussens,
Christiaan Hubertus Josephus
Chris
∗ 1907-05-28
Eijsden
† 1942-12-30
KZ Sachsenhausen, Oranienburg
- Initial resistance - Unorganized resistance - Aid to Jews - Eijsden -

Chris Peusens was a fodder trader. Three members of the Peussens family from Eijsden, two brothers and a sister, had several independent connections to resistance fighters in Amsterdam. With …

wall: left, row 08-04
Ploeg, van der
Hendrik
Herman
∗ 1890-11-27
Leeuwarden
† 1944-04-24
Heerlen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Heerlen -

Photo: family archiveHendrik van der Ploeg left home at the age of 14 (his parents were alcoholics) and lived in Belgium where he became …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Poels,
Jacobus Gerardus
Jacob
∗ 1885-02-21
Venray
† 1944-08-04
Horst-America
- Zwarte Plak - Aid to Jews - Horst -

During World War II, Jacob and Johanna Poels-Emonts took in dozens of Jews, hiders, prisoners of war, and Allied airmen on their farm, De Zwarte Plak [1], near Horst-America. Jakob died …

wall: left, row 24-02
Postuma,
Koos
∗ 1921-05-11
Brunssum
† 1945-03-22
Nijverdal/Hellendoorn
- Aid to Jews - NV - People in hiding - Brunssum -

Koos Postuma used to live in Treebeek and worked as a radio mechanic at the State Mines (Staatsmijnen). In his spare time he looked for diving addresses for Jewish children and made home visits …

wall: left, row 05-05
Pulskens,
Jacoba Maria
Tante Coba
∗ 1884-05-26
Tilburg
† 1945-03-17
Ravensbrück
- Limburg + - Aid to Jews - Women in the resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. -

Coba Pulskens hid Jewish persons, Allied pilots and resistance fighters, was arrested and brought to Vught via Haaren. During the evacuation of Vught in early September 1944, she was transferred …


This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.03-09
Rutten,
Mathijs Jan Antoon
Mathijs
∗ 1920-08-09
Heel en Panheel
† 1945-05-31
Bergen-Belsen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Heel-Panheel -

Mathijs Rutten was a farmer. He helped Jews and those in hiding who did not want to go to Germany to work in the war industry, and participated in other underground …
wall: left, row 13-04
Schunck,
Pierre
Paul Simons
∗ 1906-03-24
Heerlen
† 1993-02-02
Kerkrade
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Heerlen - Valkenburg - Aid to Jews - BS (Domestic Forces) - Intelligence - Survivors -

Founder and leader of the “rayon” (subdistrict) of the L.O. in Valkenburg, under the alias of “Paul”. He was also a member of the ID18 …
More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
Sikkes,
Hendrik
∗ 1894-11-24
Gaasterland
† 1945-05-31
Bergen-Belsen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Heerlen -

Miner and helper of Jews, born November 24, 1894 in Mirns en Bakhuizen (in Gaasterland, Frisia). Married Marijke Teernstra on May 17, 1924 in Gaasterland. Despite their relative poverty, on May …

wall: left, row 18-03
Smeets-Hendrickx,
Jacqueline Henrica
Tante Jacquelien
∗ 1892-02-25
Melick-Herkenbosch
† 1945-02-19
KZ Ravensbrück
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Women in the resistance - Roermond -

Jacqueline Smeets-Hendrickx was one of the few female victims at the Resistance.
Arrested on August 10, 1944 in connection with the housing of Jews [1]
Pub/hotel …
wall: right, row 10-05
Speetjens,
Joannes Hubertus Matheus
Mathieu
∗ 1919-06-08
Margraten
† 1945-03-05
Mauthausen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Ambtenaren - Aid to Jews - Margraten - Heer -

Mathieu Speetjens was originally a baker [1#22], later a company inspector at the government agency LCO (or Agricultural Crisis Organization) [1#1] and an aid worker to …

wall: left, row 37-03
Ummels,
Josef Willem
Giel
∗ 1908-12-06
Geulle
† 1944-12-08
Sachsenhausen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Maastricht -

Giel Ummels was a butcher in the Wolfstraat 6 in Maastricht. He was a brother of the one year older Mathieu Ummels. His neighbor was
wall: left, row 34-04
Vullinghs,
Hendrik Jacob
Henri
∗ 1883-09-14
Sevenum
† 1945-04-09
Bergen-Belsen
- Initial resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Zwarte Plak - Grubbenvorst - The clergy -

Catholic parish priest of Grubbenvorst and building parish priest in Grashoek, studied musicology in Italy and the United States. He was known as a very open-minded and culturally enthusiastic …

wall: left, row 11-03
Wolf,
G.A.
∗ 0000-00-00
† 0000-00-00
- The clergy - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Sibbe - Survivors -

Rector in Sibbe 1939-1944. [1]
He helped Jews and Communists to hide, together with Abraham Cornelis van der Gronden. At the end of 1943 they …
More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg